Legal Marijuana Essay Example For Students

Legitimate Marijuana Essay Sanctioning of Marijuana By: Michelle Jarka E-mail: emailprotected Legalization of Marijuana Should maryjane be legitimized? This has been a tremendous disputable issue for the most recent few decades. Its a medication that can be beneficial for you, yet cause numerous extraordinary perils. There are numerous perspectives supporting and contradicting the sanctioning of cannabis. A patient experiencing AIDS, disease, glaucoma, numerous sclerosis and different genuine conditions regularly discover pot the best treatment. Now and again it might be the main cure. (second or not) As of November 2000, there are just 8 patients accepting cannabis legitimately as a type of drug. There are a large number of individuals utilizing the medication unlawful to assist them with adapting to their illness. By and by, patients can be captured and sent to jail for utilizing weed even the individuals who have their primary care physicians endorsement. A 1990 logical review found that 54% of oncologists with a feeling supported the controlled accessibility of pot, and 44% had just violated the law by recommending at any rate once that a patient get cannabis illicitly (Doblin). Cannabis has not yet been resolved as addictive. The two cigarettes and maryjane both contain a specific measure of nicotine. However an individual who smokes 2-3 joints a day will allow a similar measure of nicotine as an individual who smokes a pack of cigarettes daily. At that point for what reason would one be legitimate and not the other? Then again, weed ought to stay unlawful in light of the gigantic reactions and compulsion that outcomes in the wake of utilizing the medication. Initially, pot is the thing that it is, a medication! You cannot change that regardless of what number of individuals vote on it. Of course, there are professionally prescribed medications available that are possibly perilous however there are impacts are nothing contrasted with that of maryjane. Such an examination can be made between a blade and a firearm, professionally prescribed medications being the blade and maryjane the weapon. They are both possibly deadly and extraordinarily risky however they have their disparities. With a blade, you must be sufficiently indiscreet to fall on it. With a firearm, you should simply be sufficiently idiotic to play with it. Sanctioning will expand utilization of the medication. In any case, numerous supporters of proceeding with the illegalization of medications accept that by sanctioning medications they will turn out to be increasingly available and use will accordingly increment. They base this contention on past analysis managing liquor preclusion. After the finish of disallowance with the 21st amendment, liquor utilization multiplied while restriction diminished use by 50 percent (Light). They likewise refer to that utilization of weed topped in 1979 when there was a decriminalization of medication use by eleven states. When exploring to discover if a specific arrangement will end up being wire, it is essential to take a gander at verifiable models and gain from them. In Liverpool, England, after an ongoing authorization of medications in an administrative program that centers around the health advantages of medications, most medication pushers have left town in light of the fact that there is not, at this point a business opportunity for them (Cotton). This shows authorization really diminishes use as a result of the expanded accentuation on recovery and the abatement of medication pushers. Taking everything into account, I accept that weed ought to be sanctioned. It can help individuals with numerous genuine ailments. Additionally, it cannot be demonstrated to be addictive, and cant do any more harm than an individual smoking cigarettes. List of sources Work Cited Cotton, Paul. Medication strategy. The Journal of the American Medical Association. 5 Oct 1994. Doblin and Kleiman, Marijuana as Antiemetic Medicine, Journal of Clinical Oncology,1991; Pp. 1314-1319.) Light, Kim E. Fantasies about Drug Legalization. 5 March 1995. http://www.intellinet.com/aclight/kim/myths01.html Bibliography:

The Rash Romeo in Shakespeares Romeo and Juliet Essay -- William Shake

The Rash Romeo in Shakespeare's Romeo and Juliet In the play Romeo and Juliet, Romeo’s activities are impulsive all through the play. For instance, Romeo doesn't consider the outcomes of his activities when he demands wedding Juliet. Additionally, Romeo shows thoughtlessness when he murders Tybalt. At long last, Romeo is careless when he executes himself. Impulsiveness is a quality that frequents Romeo all through the play. One of Romeo’s acts that shows his imprudence is his wedding Juliet. After Juliet says that she wouldn't like to wed Romeo, he continues and says that he needs â€Å"Th’ trade of thy love’s dependable promise for mine† (2.2.134). Romeo doesn't think about the results of their marriage. He essentially needs his desire satisfied. He is impulsive in light of the fact that he needs to hurry into a marriage for which he isn't prepared. Romeo’s carelessness perseveres all through the play and prompts his ruin. Another case of Romeo’s rash character is the point at which he slaughters Tybalt. Romeo’s family is informed that in the event that they battle with the Capulet family, they will be slaughtered. Tybalt of the Capulet family battles with Mercut...

Symptoms of Acute Alcohol Poisoning

Symptoms of Acute Alcohol Poisoning Addiction Alcohol Use Binge Drinking Print Symptoms of Acute Alcohol Poisoning Passing Out From Drinking Could Indicate Danger By Buddy T facebook twitter Buddy T is an anonymous writer and founding member of the Online Al-Anon Outreach Committee with decades of experience writing about alcoholism. Learn about our editorial policy Buddy T Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Daniel B. Block, MD on November 21, 2019 twitter linkedin Daniel B. Block, MD, is an award-winning, board-certified psychiatrist who operates a private practice in Pennsylvania. Learn about our Medical Review Board Daniel B. Block, MD Updated on February 23, 2020 PeopleImages/Getty Images   More in Addiction Alcohol Use Binge Drinking Withdrawal and Relapse Children of Alcoholics Drunk Driving Addictive Behaviors Drug Use Nicotine Use Coping and Recovery More than 2,200 people die from alcohol poisoning each year, which is an average of six people per day, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.?? Most fatalities are men and three in four people are between the ages of 35 and 65. The number of deaths varies widely from state to state. For example, there are 5.3 deaths per million residents in Alabama, but 46.5 deaths per million in Alaska. Causes of Alcohol Poisoning Too much alcohol in your bloodstream causes the areas of your brain that support breathing, your heart rate, and other basic life-supporting functions to start to shut down. In other words, your friend who drank way too much, may not just be sleeping it off. If he is experiencing an episode of acute alcohol poisoning, drinking too much too quickly, his condition could lead to coma and even death if you do not intervene.?? Alcohol poisoning affects the brain, blood vessels, and liver.  Rapid fluid ingestion  alters the fluid concentration in your body, potentially disrupting your fluid and electrolyte balance. Children or adults can get alcohol poisoning. When it comes to kids, and maybe adults too, your thoughts might immediately jump to the liquor cabinet, but remember that another household product that contains alcohol, such as a cooking extract, or medicinal tincture, could be the culprit. Symptoms Learning the symptoms of acute alcohol poisoning can help you tell the difference between a friend who is drunk and passed out and a person who is unconscious due to acute alcohol poisoning. ConfusionPassing outSeizuresSlow heart rateNo gag reflex, which prevents choking when vomitingClammy or blue-tinged skin and extremely low body temperature (hypothermia)Breathing slowly or irregularly (less than eight times a minute or ten seconds or more between any two breaths)Vomiting while passed out and doesnt wake up during or after vomiting Remember, your friend does not have to have all the symptoms to be at risk. And anyone who cannot be awakened or is unconscious is at risk of dying.?? What to Do If You Think Someone Has Alcohol Poisoning Here are the steps to take if you think someone has alcohol poisoning:Call 9-1-1 immediately, even if you dont see the classic signs or symptoms. Do not hesitate and dont think about any legal ramifications. Your friends life could depend on your quick response.Prepare yourself to provide information to the emergency personnel or the hospital, including the type and amount of alcohol and when your friend drank it.Do not leave your friend alone and continue to try to revive them. Turn him on his side, so he will be less likely to choke if he vomits.If your friend is vomiting, try to keep him sitting up and awake.Watch his breathing closely. If he stops breathing be prepared to perform  CPR. If you dont know how to perform CPR, try to find someone who does.Do not give your friend or coffee or put him or her into a cold shower. Despite common myths, these methods do not reduce the effects of alcohol poisoning. Treatment Calling 911 and keeping your friend safe until help arrives is the first step to safely treating someone with alcohol poisoning. Once at the hospital (or even en route) a medical professional may give a person with alcohol poisoning intravenous (IV) fluids to replace the fluid loss from vomiting and to balance any fluid and electrolyte disruption in the body caused by the excessive amounts of alcohol.?? Oxygen may also be administered for respiratory support, especially if the person is experiencing irregular or slowed breathing, in addition to medication to regulate any dips in blood pressure. If the person is experiencing seizures, a short term anticonvulsant medication will be given to stop the seizures.

Sonnet Analysis Ozymandias And The Second Coming

Sonnet Analysis: Ozymandias and The Second Coming Name: Date: Sonnet Analysis: Ozymandias and The Second Coming Ozymandias and The Second Coming are interesting pieces that easily capture the attention of the reader. From the titles to themes and other literary elements, it is indisputable that indeed these pieces qualify for analysis. There are major themes that come out in each of the sonnets. To start with The Second Coming, some of the themes that emerge include good versus evil, society and class, reality, warfare, as well as memory and the past. On the other hand, Ozymandias focus on the themes of transience, pride, art and culture, as well as man and his natural world. The question of whether good can be separated from evil is integral to the text of The Second Coming. In as much as it is not one’s interest to uncover the events of Yeats’ generation, it is necessary to note that the poem was written at a time during wars. Arguably, there seemed not to be any ‘good guys’ that time as every country was sending its men to war where they had to live in trenches for months. Worse still, the wars that time were motivated by minor issues such as disagreements over small patches of territorial land. Throughout the poem, the implication is that the society has gone to a wrong way, so much that people do not care to act responsibly. A situation is depicted at the beginning where the falcon, understood to be a symbol of tradition and nobility is deaf and

Socrates And St. Augustines Views On Death - 1305 Words

Louis Ferrara Dr. Edwards Philosophy 101-02 October 13, 2017 What is Death? Death is the most inevitable and unknown aspect of life. It is unescapable, and by most of today’s population, it is feared in the utmost regard. Our materialistic views and constant desertion of religious ideals has forced our society to view death as an ultimate end. Socrates and St. Augustine’s views on death differ from many views on the subject in 2017, however, for their time, these men had the power to influence a plethora of individuals with their theories. For Socrates, death should never be feared and should be considered a blessing if our souls were to ascend to heaven, or death could be an extensive slumber without any dreaming whatsoever. With†¦show more content†¦Socrates justifies by claiming, â€Å"So, if you see anyone distressed at the prospect of dying, it will be proof enough that he is a lover not of wisdom but of the body (this man would presumably be a lover of money) and of prestige, one or the other, or both† (pg. 129-130). Covetous and selfish people will fear death because their impure souls will not be granted entrance into Heaven and â€Å"the greatest blessing a man could receive†. Next, we already have the knowledge that Socrates understands how unwise it is to fear death, but he has a perception of death that grants him serenity and peace about being deceased. He enlightens the jury by explaining, â€Å"death is a state of nothingness and utter unconsciousness or a change and migration of the soul from this world to another† (pg. 69). In the majority of cases, humans will innately fear that state of nothingness and uncertainty, however Socrates’ approach differs. Even though this is the worst of the two possibilities when humans die, Socrates views this undisturbed slumber without any dreams or distractions to be a tremendous benefit. Socrates’ ideals mirror that of Ecclesiastes 9:5 which states, â€Å"For the living know that they shall die: but the dead know not anything, neither have they any more a reward; for the memory of them is forgotten.† This parallels Socrates claiming that he does not fear death even if it is anShow Mor eRelatedRelationship between St Augustine and Plato1773 Words   |  8 Pagesbetween St. Augustine and Plato Great philosophers over time have shared ideas about their lifetime. There were no more captivating philosophers than Plato and Augustine who fed off one another. Even though they were born at different times, their ideas impacted the life they lived in and future lives. St. Augustine was a student of the wise Plato, who fed off his ideas and created his own form of philosophy. Plato on the other hand orbited the idea of the theory of forms which, later St. AugustineRead MoreThe Morality Of Suicide Throughout The Ages1697 Words   |  7 Pagesit. The debate about the morality of suicide began in ancient Greece with the philosopher Socrates. He asserted that people shouldn’t take their our own lives because to do so would be to forcefully remove the soul from the body. According to Socrates, the Gods punished humans by forcing them to stay in their body and to take away that punishment would cause great distress to the Gods. Ironically, Socrates died by suicide. He was forced to drink a cup of hemlock as his punishment for corrupting theRead MoreEssay on Faith and Reason2144 Words   |  9 Pagesto unify these two modes of belief. The Greco-Roman approach to ultimate truth was through reason. In Plato’s Apology, Socrates was the embodiment of rational thought. He questioned, observed, and drew conclusions. Though his behavior ultimately led to his demise, he represented a rational way of acquiring knowledge. After he was sentenced to death, Socrates described his death as an opportunity to continue a life of searching. â€Å"Above all, I shall be able to continue my search into true and falseRead Moreontemporary Thinkers: Plato, Aristotle, Augustine, Aguinas Essay6220 Words   |  25 PagesContemporary Thinkers: Plato, Aristotle, Augustine, Aguinas Question #1 : Please discuss the political organization of the Greek city- states, particularly Athenian democracy at the time of Pericles, Plato, and Aristotle. Also discuss the backgrounds of Socrates, Plato and Aristotle and the fate of the Greek city-states historically. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;During the time of Pericles, Plato, and Aristotle, Greece was divided into city-states with a wide variety of constitutions, ranging from SpartasRead MorePlato Essay2739 Words   |  11 Pagesof an aristocratic family. He recounts in the Seventh Letter, which, if genuine, is part of his autobiography, that the spectacle of the politics of his day brought him to the conclusion that only philosophers could be fit to rule. After the death of Socrates in 399, he travelled extensively. During this period he made his first trip to Sicily, with whose internal politics he became much entangled. He visited Sicily at least three times in all and may have been richly subsidised by Dionysius. On returnRead MoreLogical Reasoning189930 Words   |  760 Pagesother subject, and it is not a book about what you ought to believe about some subject. Although many scientific studies of decision-making have shown that people tend to sift sources of information looking to reinforce existing views rather than to accept the view that is backed up with the better argument, our course is designed to combat this tendency. Facing a Decision as a Critical Thinker Imagine this situation. You are on a four-day backpacking trip in a national wilderness area with

Un-Answered Issues With Maryland Bar Exam Essay Samples Uncovered

Un-Answered Issues With Maryland Bar Exam Essay Samples Uncovered Most Noticeable Maryland Bar Exam Essay Samples The very best thing is you are able to just press the Start Again button, which will delete your prior attempt so that you can practice again from the very start. When you plan your essay and jot down the points you're likely to go over in your draft, you are going to have lot of points to discuss. In case the question orders you to ignore something, ignore it! Just be sure you get information you have to have in writing so you won't have much a difficult time getting started. Prometric centers play a significant part in providing continuous practice to the certified nursing assistants, so they become familiar with the environment of the last exams. It's therefore extremely important that you've got the appropriate study guides to perform a prosperous revision program. To learn more about the best alternatives for study abroad and coaching centers in Hyderabad to find the very best training for PTE Academic examination get in contact with Global Tree. Thus, the test takers ought to be in a position to experience any sorts of evaluation that are most likely to be run by the team present at the institute. Each paper is going to have a period of time of 2 hours. All written events have to be printed single-sided. The quizzes may also be completed online that is a remarkable feature. A proper understanding of the format makes it possible to crack the competition better. If You Read Nothing Else Today, Read This Report on Maryland Bar Exam Essay Samples With that, you should make sure the stream of your essay is smooth and logical. Essay exams are a practical tool for finding out if you're able to sort through a massive body of information, figure out what's critical, and explain the reason it's vital. An essay has to be composed of an introduction, a body, and a conclusion. You must compose a reflective essay that is simple to compr ehend and you can do it by utilizing simple language. Maryland Bar Exam Essay Samples for Dummies There's numerous essays completed by them. That means you can brush up on your favourite topics. Keep in mind, all type of activities you're speaking about in the essay must be associated with the scholarship program. If you've got to write more than 1 essay, always indicate the quantity of the essay so it's clear which question you're answering. Thus, it's your responsibility to only take half an hour per essay and keep moving. For the very first part, you will always be requested to compose an essay, as it's the sole option provided. The most significant thing is that you justify whatever you say in your essay. It's OK to return to a former essay to fill in some important point you simply considered. Pass Rates As the UBE has not yet been administered in Maryland, there is not any pass rate published for the present bar exam in Maryland. There are a lot of ways that help pass the exam. When you're finished, mark the exam honestly, this will offer you a good idea in regards to what areas you're confident in and what areas need more study. The entire practice exam is prepared according to the most recent pattern of the true exam. If you have a tendency to go blank during exams, consider studying in the exact same classroom where the test is going to be given. It is not sufficient to have an excellent strategy for answering exam questions. Preparation information can be found at the hyperlink. If you're curious, we've got information on the subject of the exam itself and what things to anticipate. The essay cannot be written according to standard essay scheme due to the reason that the thesis statements and conclusions are blurry. You're encouraged to review Maryland Rule 19-203 which explains the way the character review procedure works. Conclusion should clearly state your urge to study at a specific university. Please contact Professor Bordelon if you would love to produce an appointment. Our nationally renowned bar review course has a couple of features we'd love to have a moment to brag about. The pass rate is 60% so that you need to receive a minimum of 30 questions right merely to pass. In a ny case, attempt to keep in mind that the bar isn't a referendum on your intelligence. To receive free law school and bar exam hints and tricks and unique offers (like great deals!) The Importance of Maryland Bar Exam Essay Samples Past bar questions are a fantastic approach to assemble fact patterns for practice. There's no point memorising substantial swathes of content in wonderful detail since the question will just wind up asking for a certain section of the syllabus. If you sit down and maybe spend merely a little time planning out what you'd write if a specific dot-point was asked for in the essay, you'll have basically covered all of your bases and ensured you're able to effectively answer any question. It can be unbelievably tempting to devote additional time on a question.

Macroeconomic Equilibrium Determination

Question: Discuss about the Macroeconomic Equilibrium Determination. Answer: Introduction The main objective of this paper is to determine the position of the macroeconomic equilibrium. This is derived from the analysis of the aggregate demand (AD) and both the short and the long run aggregate supply. The analysis will commence by describing the three curves and explaining the reason for the direction in which they slope. This paper will try to confirm the reason as to why a stable equilibrium has to be at the position where the operating output level is at the point where the AD curve and both the short run and the long run AS curve intersect. The AD curve shows a macroeconomic relationship that exist between the price level and the output level of all demand for goods and services that the households demand at every price level (McEachern, 2011). Since its derivation is from the combination of individual demands in an economy that are downward sloping, the AD curve also slopes downwards. I.e. it contracts with an increment in prices. The short run AS curve shows the relationship that exists between price and all the supply for goods and services intended to be sold by the firm at any given time given the price levels (Sexton, 2013). Since it is derived from the combinations of all upward sloping individual curves, the AS curve is also upward sloping. I.e. it expands with a price increment. The maximum production capacity is represented by the potential real GDP or rather the long run AS curve. The analysis In the derivation of individual demand curves, price for other goods and the income of households are held constant. However, this is not possible in the derivation of the AD curve. The only factor that economist decided to hold constant therefore is the money supply. From this, there are other reasons that hence explain the downward sloping AD curve that are not price related. One of them is the wealth effect where the wealth of households is considered to be reduced by a loss in purchasing power resulting from a price rise. The wealth that households hold become insufficient to cater for the demands for goods and services and they end up cutting their demand. The second factor is the interest rate effect where interest rate goes up as the price rises. The explanation is that since we have seen in the first factor that money held become insufficient to facilitate business transactions, households and businesses demand more money and borrow this from banks and other lending instituti ons. Since money is held constant, an increase in money demand follows the law of demand. I.e. it causes an increment in the cost of obtaining money; this cost is the interest rate. Households cut their spending to avoid obtaining money at the high interest rate. Finally we have the net export effect where the demand for exports fall and the demand for imports rise. Higher domestic prices makes exports expensive and imports cheaper. The difference between a small export quantity and a big import quantity is a reduced net export. Since net export is a component of aggregate demand, its decline results in a fall in AD. The short run AS curve slopes upward because supply expands as price rises owing to stickiness of wages and price in the short run (Mankiw, 2012). The real wage falls as prices rise since nominal wage remain fixed causing labour to be cheaper; firms employ more workers and output expands. The other explanation is workers nominal wage is increased and they think their real wage has increased also and they are motivated to supply more labour causing an output expansion. The long run AS curve is vertical since there is an assumption of optimal utilization of all resources apart from capital, labour and technology (Tucker, 2010). The firms supply is independent, and the expected profit determines the supply level. Where the three curves intersect, that the stable equilibrium that can be maintained in an economy. However, the optimal Real GDP level does not indicate the production limit. There is also a potential for production beyond the optimal real GDP since some components of AD may change causing it to expand. On the other hand, the full utilization of resources in an economy may not be applicable and the firms production level may fall below the optimal level of real GDP. This is because some changes in the AD components may lead to its contraction. However, the deviation from the optimal level of real GDP is in the short run as it cannot be sustained in the long run (Hubbard, Garnett, Lewis, O'Brien, 2012). The economy is assumed after sometime to get back to the optimal level of real GDP. These deviations from the stable equilibrium explains the need to incorporate the short run AS curve in the determination of the equilibrium point (Tucker, 2010). Initially, the price level and the output level is at the point where the three curves intersect. A fall in the AD will cause the AD curve to shift left from AD to AD1 (Burton and Lombra, 2000). This is at a lower price than the optimal price. The lower price will deduce that the production cost will fall of which will make firms and workers to raise the supply of output resulting in the supply curve shifting from SRAS to SRAS1. This is moves the equilibrium back to the potential but at a lower level. On the other hand, a rise in AD will cause the AD curve to shift right from AD to AD2 (Boyes Melvin, 2013). This is at a higher price than the optimal price. The higher price raises the cost of production which makes firms and workers to cut the supply of output resulting in the supply curve shifting from SRAS to SRAS2 Conclusion It is rare to find an economy operating at the optimal level where resources are utilized optimally. Far rare is the situation where resources are over utilized and the economys output exceed the optimal level. The most common situation is where resources are underutilized and production of output is below optimal. The three curves have to intersect to determine equilibrium as deviation from optimal are only short run and cannot be sustained in the long run. References Boyes, W. Melvin, M. (2013). Fundamentals of economics (1st Ed.). Mason, OH: South-Western Cengage Learning. Bromley, R. (2016). Aggregate Goods and Services Equilibrium and Changes. Raybromley.com. Retrieved 29 December 2016, from https://www.raybromley.com/notes/ADASequiMove1.html. Burton, M. Lombra, R. (2000). The financial system and the economy (1st Ed.). Cincinnati, OH: South-Western Pub. Hubbard, R., Garnett, A., Lewis, P., O'Brien, A. (2012). Essentials of economics (1st Ed.). AU: Pearson Higher Education. Mankiw, N. (2012). Essential of economics (1st Ed.). US: Cengage Learning. McEachern, W. (2011). Econ macro 3 (1st Ed.). Mason, OH: South-Western Cengage Learning. Sexton, L. (2013). Exploring macroeconomics. Mason, OH: South-Western Cengage Learning. Tucker, B. (2010). Macroeconomics for today. Mason, OH: South-Western Cengage Learning.

Trendr Information Technology Strategic Plan

Introduction The following represents a background of the company called Trendr. It exists in the small to medium enterprise category. Its revenue is $5 million per year. In addition, Trendr has growth potential. This comes from its revenue targets of $20 per year if it markets its products effectively. This will also come about if the company takes advantage of the emerging business opportunities throughout the country.Advertising We will write a custom term paper sample on Trendr Information Technology Strategic Plan specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Trendr is established in the central business district of London, where it has two boutiques located in up-market malls. The company also has an online presence, where it accepts pre-orders online. The company sells trendy clothing and footwear targeting the 18-32 age demographic in urban areas. It is a retailer sourcing merchandise from different suppliers in the UK and abroad, whic h it sells in its two boutiques located in upmarket malls in London. The company’s vision is to transform urban trends as a pacesetter in fashion and style. The company’s mission is the provision of merchandise that enhances the customers’ sense of style, fashion and esteem to increase the expression of self in society. Company situation – current Trendr intends to come up with several security features for its online business. The aim is to protect against intruders and fraudsters. The management also hopes to use technology to escalate the efficiency of procedures, especially in data management. The company is aware of the risk it faces when it launches its online selling platform. The company is presenting its products as trendy fashions. It has to appeal to a population that mostly exists online. Although it can also rely on traditional marketing channels, the company is still growing and does not have enough funds to sustain a traditional advertising campaign. Therefore, it must find a suitable strategy to use its limited marketing resources and still achieve sufficient communication with its target customers. The company is looking for a robust and scalable online integrated marketing communications platform. The platform should be available throughout. It should ensure that the company is accessible to its clients always. It should also ensure that the company can capture market trends. Therefore, consumer intelligence is a priority. The firm requires easy to use technology. It needs technology that is affordable and allows the management to make informed decisions. Therefore, in addition to consumer intelligence, the firm is also looking for the opportunity to have easy-to-interpret data. The data should be passed from senior managers to store managers and sales people, who are working in the field in different capacities.Advertising Looking for term paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your f irst paper with 15% OFF Learn More A description of five IT roles needed for success Based on the required technology solutions for the company, Trendr can proceed with a technology plan after fulfilling the following five roles. The functions should lead to a better traction of customer satisfaction and loyalty. The positions are senior technology administration, security administration, social media administration, database administration, and IT consultancy. Five or more personnel, depending on the need of the job, may fill these five roles. The networking infrastructure for the business will have a low footprint, given that there are two physical stores within the same city. Therefore, personnel also equipped to handle other roles such as the senior technology administration role can easily cover the role of network administration. The social media administration role will also cover web administration. The person occupying the office will have to be capable of leading teams, providing web support, and getting additional web support officers when needed. The work in social media administration will involve setting up of accounts, monitoring activities in social communication, channelling marketing messages through social media, running marketing campaigns, serving customer relations needs, and responding to any other inquiries that arise and are related to the Web 2.0 technology usage by Trendr (Van De Velde, Meijer, Homburg, 2014). There will be the database administration role, in addition to the two functions described above. The company will be handling information from a number of sources. It is the role of the database administrator as an individual or a team to come up with a database framework. It will ensure the goal of capturing and making information useful is achievable and operational. Here, the duties will include setting up the database, scaling it to include any additional communication channels that arise, and providing access pr ivileges to particular staff members. For example, the database administrator will link the Web 2.0 databases together in a company-wide system and then combine it with traditional information storage databases used in the company, such as financial records. Eventually, this should lead to a single repository with various access privileges that managers and line staffs can use to inform their daily job decisions.Advertising We will write a custom term paper sample on Trendr Information Technology Strategic Plan specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The internal IT consultancy role will cover all other roles that are not significant enough to qualify as separate actions. This will include the administration of the company’s intranet and the handling of cloud services accounts to ensure that service providers provide dedicated and required cloud services to the business. The IT consultant/s will be in charge of any research on th e main developments in information technology and keep the business informed of any new developments. This will allow Trendr to remain updated on its options for increasing its presence online, using tools to cut costs, and increasing its marketing and business objectives. It will also be able to operate efficiently in its public relations and human resource development functions. The IT consultancy role will involve the management of social media accounts to help the social media administrators, especially in the coordination of technical activities beyond the role of social media administrators. For example, the internal consultants will find service providers to develop the required mobile apps that enhance the social media strategy of the company. They will work with marketers and business development officers to interpret consumer intelligence reports, create frameworks for apps, social media account, and cloud computing infrastructure that supports solutions, which Trendr dema nds as part of its growth. SWOT analysis of Trendr Strengths Trendr already has a website. The website is efficient enough to take customer pre-orders on clothing and footwear. Trendr can plan its inventory based on the early feedback it obtains on its website. The presence of a website is strength because it provides the first step that both the customers and the company’s personnel can interact to build better relationships. Besides, the website gives customers an active communication channel that also gives Trendr intelligence on the demand trends for its merchandise. Creating additional social network accounts and directing users to them through communication on the website will be easy for Trendr. Consumers expect the company to have a social media presence as a business operating in the 21st century; thus, they will look for the options on its website. A website also provides an avenue for press releases to inform customers of developments in the business (Michaelidou, Siamagka, Christodoulides, 2011).Advertising Looking for term paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Another strong area is the willingness of the management to implement a technology strategy that should increase the operational scalability of the business, increase its presence online, provide it with business growth opportunities, and enhance its competitive advantage. The willingness of the management is a major factor for change management. The company is likely to face resistance as it develops its technology capabilities. Resistance might arise in employee training and acceptance of new formats of work performance. Employees may also restrict the need to avail their personal data to a centralized database; therefore, it will be the duty of managers to convince them. Doing this will require the managers to come up with change management programs that will ensure the technology intended for the business is successful, based on the recommendations of this report and any other finding. Weaknesses Lack of experience in e-commerce and online customer engagements may derail the dev elopment of a new technology framework for the business. It might take too long to train staff and create an additional office for personnel to handle technology roles. The business does not have sufficient funds for outright growth; thus, it will have to take the process slowly. This will hinder its ability to realize the benefits of technology integration as fast as it would technically be possible. Nevertheless, the business will likely succeed, albeit at a slower pace because the development will be ongoing. This is why the lack of experience appears as a weakness and not a threat. With the willingness of the management and the need for growth, it is important for the business to embrace technology to increase efficiency and cut costs. It might take a while, but technological change is inevitable as a common trend for most companies in the clothing and footwear retailing industry. Opportunities The first opportunity exists in the growing, youthful population in urban areas aroun d the United Kingdom and the rest of Europe. This demographic has access to both well-paying jobs and entry-level jobs. The target population has the disposable income required to support the business growth of Trendr. Besides, there is a growing availability of firms providing IT solutions at affordable rates. Competition in the IT start-up industry ensures that firms like Trendr can get mobile apps and cloud services at affordable rates. Trendr can take advantage of software as a service offering. These offers allow a company only to pay for use and save on capital expenditure. This option allows a company like Trendr to limit its initial capital expenditure and be able to adopt a wide-scale installation of IT systems, including mobile apps, social media, and cloud computing to catch up with retail industry trends (Stanphill, 2014). Threats Changes in social media usage trends serve as the biggest threat to the company’s growth. The firm might adopt a social media strategy that is outdated. It might also create integrated technologies for its social media that do not reflect the full opportunity for gathering consumer intelligence. Such an outcome is threatening because it goes against the purpose of the technological system installation in the company. It will leave the business with an installed capacity for marketing, communication, and commerce that does not provide an adequate competitive advantage. Five major goals for the information technology strategic plan Increase the efficiency of business services covered in the Trendr business structure of retail clothing and footwear with an urban customer base. Create enterprise practices and shared resources that allow every member of the business to communicate easily with other members, irrespective of their position. This should lead to informed and fast decision-making. Increase brand awareness of Trendr among its target consumer population to lead to a substantial increase in revenue from the fi rst year of implementing the technology strategic plan. Come up with a scalable IT infrastructure that allows Trendr to spread its operations throughout the country and abroad through e-commerce and partnerships with supply and distribution networks (Rodriguez-Ardura, Meseguer-Artola, Vilaseca-Requena, 2008). Link internal stakeholder relations with external stakeholder relations management duties to allow streamlined management of Trendr’s business growth. Speculation on three positive organizational impacts of implementing the strategic plan First, with an integrated technology system, Trendr will be able to develop marketing communications for one platform, such as social media, and concurrently engage its customers and staffs on issues related to the business. For example, it will be able to use one platform to inform clients of the current offers based on their shopping experience. In the process, it will find out about customer queries that went unanswered and then fo llow up with the employee concerned to satisfy the customers. Such actions will increase customer loyalty to the Trendr brand and improve its marketing through the word-of-mouth. Second, there will be an increase in the speed of decision-making. The company will be able to get live store feedback on customer interaction, stock movement, employee concern, store design, merchandise design, and supplier relationships. It will be able to match its marketing communication with the customer expectations and meet the expectations of its store designs and employee reception (KPMG, 2011). This will be made possible by the increased flow of information through an integrated system that is always live and provides various ways of access, such as the web, mobile apps, and text messages. Third, profit margins of Trendr will increase as cloud computing and social media marking reduce its costs and increase the revenue. References KPMG. (2011). Going social: How businesses are making the most of s ocial media. Web. Michaelidou, N., Siamagka, N. T., Christodoulides, G. (2011). Usage, barriers and measurement of social media marketing: An exploratory investigation of small and medium B2B brands. Industrial Marketing Management, 40(7), 1153-1159. Rodriguez-Ardura, I., Meseguer-Artola, A., Vilaseca-Requena, J. (2008). Factors influencing the evolution of electronic commerce: An empirical analysis in a developed market economy. Journal of Theoretical and Applied Electronic Commerce Research, 3(2), 18-29. Stanphill, J. (2014). Cloud computing should be a no-brainer solution for retail industry. Web. Van De Velde, B., Meijer, A., Homburg, V. (2014). Police message diffusion on Twitter: analysing the reach of social media communications. Behavior Information Technology, 1-13. doi:10.1080/0144929X.2014.942754 This term paper on Trendr Information Technology Strategic Plan was written and submitted by user Allan Powers to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Mozart Essays (627 words) - Mozart Family, Operas, Freemasons

Mozart Essays (627 words) - Mozart Family, Operas, Freemasons Mozart Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart was born in Salzburg, Austria on January 27th, 1756. He was born to Leopold and Anna Maria Pertl. Leopol was a very successful composer, voilinist, and the assistant concertmaster at the Salzburg court. Mozart showed musical talent at a very young age. By age five he was composing minuets.And at age six he played before the Bavarian Elector and the Austrian Empress.His father taught him, but said teahcing Wolfgang was hard because he knew so much already. His father was also his largest influence. In 1763 Wolfgangs father, Leopold, took him and his sister, Maria Anna, on a concert tour of Europe. The children performed in many courts and large cities including Paris, London, and Germany. They astonished their audiences wherever they performed. In London Wolfgang wrote his first symphonies and met Johann Christian Brahm, who had a very large influence on him. In Paris Wolfgang published his first works, four sonatas for clavier with accompanying voilin. In 1768 he composed his first opera, La Finta Semplice, which was presented for the first time a year later in his home town of Salzburg. In 1769 Wolfgang and his father set out on another tour of Italy. Here Wolfgang wrote a new opera, Mitridate ri de Ponto. He also wrote two more operas for Milan, Ascanio in Alba and Lucio Silla. Three years later in 1772 Wolfgang was appointed concertmaster to the archbishop of Salzburg, his home town. He composed many works while he was concertmaster. But this job was not good for him and he did not get anolg with most of the people around him. So, he soon quit this job to travel to Paris with his mother and look for a new job. In 1777 Wolfgana and his mother, Maria Anna, went to Paris, France. While here Wolfgang composed many works including The Paris Symphony (1778). But, he could not find a permanent job there. His mother died in Paris this year and this upset Wolfgang very much. He returned to Salzburg in 1779 and was made the court organist. He wrote many church works then, including the famous Coronation Mass. He was supposed to write a new opera for Munich, Idomeneo. In 1781 he was called to Vienna by von Colloredo. His career in Vienna started out wonderfully. He was soon assigned to write The Abduction from the Seralio (1782). The emporer loved his music, and later got him the job of court composer. Mozart was now very popular in Vienna. That year he married Constenze Weber, from Germany. His father was not happy with this decision. In 1783 the newly married couple visited Salzburg. During this period many of Mozarts pieces that were composed in Vienna were played. (Such as Mass in C Minor and his greatest success, The Marriage of Figaro, which was composed for the Vienna opera.) After The Marriage of Figaro Mozarts career began doing very poorly, and he was in great debt. The most successful piece after Figaro was Don Giovonni (1787), which was composed for Prauge. After this he composed Cosi Fotte (1790) and The Magic Flute (1791). He also composed his last three symphonies, E Flat, G Minor, and the Jupiter in C. In 1791 Mozart was assigned to write a requiem. His health was in bad shape at the time, but he still worked hard on the requiem. Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart died on December 5th, 1791 in Vienna, leaving the requiem unfinished. Some people think he dies of poisoning, but the most likely reasoning of his death is kidney failure. After his funeral he was buried in a paupers grave at Saint Marx Cemetary. Mozart was a very large influence on the Classical Music Era, and will never be forgotten.

Activity Analysis #4 - Film Review Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Activity Analysis #4 - Film Review - Essay Example The director depicts a contrast with the news report of the United States about the Canadian health services by way of providing experiences of the Canadian hospitals and clinics. He presents the theme by incorporating various scientific methods like interviews with the doctors and patients in order to understand the cost, salary and quality of the services rendered in the UK and France. In fact, profit oriented health maintenance organizations were promoted by Nixon in 1971. But, it was a failure in the part of Clinton in 1990 when he tried to revive it. The director in this documentary tries to expose the reason behind the promotion of Nixon and failure of Clinton. The health care system in the northern part of America is insignificant because of the profit focused services of the HMOs. They were not interested in saving the lives of the patients, but they are focused on accumulating profit. This is the main plot of the documentary. The next important aspect emerging from this documentary is the corrupted political system in relation to the health care system. It brings the livelihood of an average person in America into limelight. He travels to Canada, the UK and France to assess the quality and cost systems in their hospitals. Along with this, he raises another significant fact of the treatment rendered to the prisoners in Guantanamo. It is assessed that they are provided with better treatments than the ordinary people in America. â€Å"It will investigate health care with a focus on large American pharmaceutical companies and of corruption in the Food and Drug Administration.† (Sicko by Michael Moore, 2010, para.1). The plot of this documentary has come to the mind of the director when he was shocked by the vision that the dependence of the rescue workers in the attack of world trade center in Cuba for the treatment. The question posed in this situation is that, if Cuba can provide free and universal treatment services to its people; why the country which

Key issues to consider when designing for people with disabilities Essay

Key issues to consider when designing for people with disabilities - Essay Example ‘People with disabilities have historically been marginalised in education, employment and community living’ (Key, 2001). This sector must be recognized as having potential to success, hand in hand with the rest of the population and having the ability of contributing substantially to the overall development of the society and nation as a whole. The rapid advancement of technology has facilitated a wide ranging scope of enabling the people with disability, giving them a strong platform to prove that they are not disabled but differently abled persons, under different circumstances, whose potential when fully exploited, can make a visible impact on the socio-economic scenario of the nation. The various enabling factors, facilitated by the emerging technologies, especially in the field of computers and information technology, have proved a milestone in the lives of the people with disabilities. They have restored the faith in the vast potential that was hitherto hidden and provided them with a means to achieve socio-economic independence, giving them self respect and a future to look forward to. It is therefore, no wonder that computers have been considered as one of the most important inventions of the century. Sensitization is a very important tool in creating appropriate atmosphere that would promote and inculcate the concept of equality and an innate sense of expectation from this sector as is the normal practice. To achieve this objective, necessity of the hour is designing a computer system that would promote the cause of enabling the persons with disability so that they can gain self respect by becoming financially independent. Hence the key issues that must be taken into account while designing and developing the system constitute very important aspect of the system itself. The following issues may be considered as highly relevant to the design and development of computer system which would

Rammed Earth As A Low Impact Building Environmental Sciences Essay

Rammed Earth As A Low Impact Building Environmental Sciences Essay Rammed earth is widely used as a construction material from past many years. It is a monolithic type of construction which is built by compacting successive layers of soil. Rammed Earth as a material has a wide range of advantages and utilizations. So, an approach to explore the rammed earth construction in temperate climate of India by understanding the techniques and methods of construction, the properties of the material and the use of rammed earth in from past till present as well as in future in described. The essay is a brief study of the material, its history, technology, climatic response, feasibility and stand in todays construction era. Experimental data have been included. 1. INTRODUCTION SUSTAINABLE BUILDING The sustainable building technology has seen a recent jump in interest in recent times. The rise in Global Warming has led Governments, to take speedy measures, to execute more environmental friendly practices. The government of UK has set up plans to reduce impact on earth by 60% by the year 2050 (DTI, 2007). Currently, the buildings in Europe contribute to 25-40% of the energy used by the society (UNEP, 2007). The energy used in a building can be summarised by, the embodied energy of material, the energy spent in transportation, that used in construction, the energy consumed in the use of building and lastly, the energy used in disposal of the building at the end of its life. This energy consumption can be reduced by using low impact material, which carries low embodied energy. The embodied energy contributes to 10% of the total energy consumed by the building (UNEP, 2007). The use of locally available material can reduce the transportation energy. Different environmental building technologies, such as passive design for buildings can be used to reduce the energy in use of the buildings. Thus the use and study of low impact building material has gained importance. SUSTAINABLE MATERIALS Sustainable materials have been used through centuries, but the environmental building technology, which has come out of the current environmental restraints, has set the revival of the old environment friendly materials. The locally available materials, which can be used without spending energy on transportation, manufacture of materials and even processing of raw materials, prove more economic, for energy consumption. Industrialised construction causes a lot of pollution. Thus the alternate methods of construction, viz, abode, rammed earth, stone, straw bale, hemp-lime, bamboo, cob, wood, earth-bag, wattle and daub among others. The traditional building methods have employed use of the natural materials in the past. Now, these materials and technologies, through study and experiment, are being reinvented, for efficient sustainable low impact use. Rammed Earth is one such material which is being revived as a low impact building material. The significance of this material in the history of architecture is worthless. Michael Crichton, an author describes, If you dont know history, then you dont know anything. You are a leaf that doesnt know it is part of a tree. This essay is an opportunity, to learn about the vernacular and modern use of Rammed earth. As rammed earth construction is found in different climatic zones, it also brings the necessity of considering the materials relation with various climate types. It is important to study the properties, techniques (both vernacular and modern) of building in load bearing and framed construction and also their response to climate and geographical context. This essay explores Rammed Earth, as a low impact building material. The study of its historic social context and its appropriateness in todays building scenario is also carried out. An analysis is made on the appropriateness of Rammed Earth, for contemporary architecture. RAMMED EARTH One of the oldest building methods, Rammed Earth is a (adjective) form of construction. Through centuries, this method has been used to build superior quality walls, which encompass the qualities a building should possess, viz. Strength, beauty and utility. Buildings made of rammed earth have stood strong for hundreds of years. In the past decade, the importance of rammed earth has considerably increased. In view of, the need of a more sustainable environment; as a material consuming less energy, yet providing a greater life span, Rammed Earth is being re invented as another low impact, energy efficient building material. The Rammed Earth walls are made using materials of earth, namely, lime, mud, gravel, chalk, etc. These constituents are easily available on any land, and hence, the Rammed Earth construction has been found on all continents, except, the Antarctica. Its favourability to any climate and measure of strength are proved by the many ancient earth buildings which still exist, eg. The Great Wall of China, China. Many earth structures sit in the foot of the Himalayas. Earth heritage can also be found in the countries of China, India, France, Morocco, Spain, South America, and Europe. 1.2 RAMMED EARTH CONSTRUCTION Rammed earth walls are constructed by compacting soil in the formwork. Usually damp soil from the site is used directly, or sieved, to remove the larger gravels in the soil. This soil is then added with suitable proportions of stabilizers. Initially animal blood was used as a stabilizer, as opposed to the cement, asphalt or lime stabilizers of today. Straw is used as reinforcement, and mixed in the soil batches. A layer of soil of thickness 150mm is placed in the formwork and then compacted with rammers. Once this layer gets settled, other layers of same thickness follow. The required height can be achieved by moving the formwork upward as the layers settle. The wall hardens almost as soon as the form work is removed. Rammed earth takes 2 years to cure. It gains compressive strength as it cures. Thus the construction is best done in warm weather, so the walls can dry and harden. 1.3 PROPERTIES Dry density Strength (compressive, tensile, shear) Durability Shrinkage Surface finish Thermal insulation Advantages Distinct appearance Natural and readily available Low embodied energy (a level similar to brick veneer construction) Unstablised earth is reusable post-demolition High moisture mass, hygroscopic helps regulate humidity Use of local soils supports sustainability practices. High thermal mass (though work is still underway to quantify its extent) Airtight construction achievable Traditional form of construction Modern methods are widely tried and tested overseas eg Australia Disadvantages Concerns over durability requires careful detailing Poor thermal resistance external walls require additional insulation Not all soil types are appropriate High levels of construction quality control are required Longer than average construction period Few modern examples exist in the UK relatively untested in UK climate. High clay content can cause moisture movement. Structures may need to accommodate this. No UK codes of practice Adding cement stabilisation can compromise environmental credentials 1.4 STABILISED EARTH CONSTRUCTION Though rammed earth is considered a strongly sustainable material, it has some shortcomings in relation with durability. Some of the factors in natural earth which need improvement are, water resistance, shrinkage, external surface protection and strength. For overcoming this problem, stabilisers are used. In olden times, lime or animal blood were used to stabilise the material, while modern construction uses lime, cement or asphalt emulsions. Some modern builders also use bottles, tires, or pieces of timber. Though stabilisers add to the carbon emission and thus the negative impact to some extent, they reduce uncertainty and risk. Hence, they are used. The most common stabiliser used is cement. It generally makes 6 to 7% of the total mixture. Characteristics of Stabilised Rammed Earth STRENGTH Strength of unstabilised Rammed Earth is 1MPa and that of stabilised Rammed Earth is 10MPa. Stabilised Rammed Earth is suitable for both load bearing and framed structure. FIRE SAFETY Earth is a non-combustible material. Rammed Earth walls can sustain fire for 9 hours. RESISTANCE TO MOISTURE Earth walls can control humidity. Unclad internal walls can hold humidity 40% 60% which is suitable for asthma patients, and storage of books. SOUND INSULATION Rammed Earth is effective for insulation. The design should accommodate provision of cavity walls for better sound separation. CONSERVATION OF FUEL AND POWER U-value of 300mm earth wall is H 1.5 3 W/m2K, therefore insulation needs adding in external wall applications. MATERIALS AND WORKMANSHIP Material adequacy can be found out by sampling, lab testing or precedence. The quality of workmanship can only be derived against specification, test panels, etc. 1.5 DESIGN ISSUES STABILISED RAMMED EARTH walls need added protection. Hence additional measures are required to be taken while designing rammed earth construction. 1.51 INSULATION As discussed earlier, rammed earth has some shortcomings. Rammed earth has poor thermal performance, in some areas. Here, extra insulation is required. Earth walls breathe. They absorb moisture and then let it evaporate. Rammed earth is hygroscopic. Wherever walls have external cladding, the cladding systems should be vapour permeable. It is wise to consider vapour permeable walls for both unstabilised and stabilised walls, to reduce condensation build up on the inside face of insulation. When moisture is allowed to escape from the external face, the permeability is of less concern while specifying internally applied insulation. External Insulation Wall needs to be protected from weathering. Thermal mass should be exposed internally. Some types of insulation renders are described below. Insulating render rammed earth with insulating render Figure: showing insulation Source: http://www.greenspec.co.uk/rammed-earth.php. Insulation Board and Render rammed earth and insulation board and render Figure: showing insulation Source: http://www.greenspec.co.uk/rammed-earth.php. Insulation materials: breathing insulation: cellulose slab, composite wood wool board (not cement-based), wood fibre board, cork, hemp, and hemp-lime. Render: limecrete, mineral render, plaster, proprietary permeable renders. Rain screen Cladding rammed earth and rainscreen cladding Figure: showing rain screen cladding Source: http://www.greenspec.co.uk/rammed-earth.php Insulation materials: breathing insulation: cellulose slab, composite wood wool board (not cement-based), wood fibre board, cork, sheeps wool, hemp, and hemp-lime.Cladding: wood, tiles, slate, board and polymer-based render, proprietary cladding systems. B) INTERNAL INSULATION In case of internal insulation, the natural look of the exterior is maintained, but the available thermal mass on the inside is lost. rammed earth internal insulation Figure: Free standing studwork with infill insulation. Source: http://www.greenspec.co.uk/rammed-earth.php. Insulation materials: Cellular glass, Mineral wool slab, expanded polystyrene, Phenolic foam, Polyisocyanurate (PIR), Polyurethane (PUR). 1.52 WEATHER PROTECTION Protection Given By the Roof rammed earth overhanging eaves Figure: The eaves provide protection from rain. Source: http://www.greenspec.co.uk/rammed-earth.php. Footings and Base rammed earth footing and base Figure: The DPC should be finished flush with the wall surface to avoid splash. Source:http://www.greenspec.co.uk/rammed-earth.php 2.0 HISTORICAL USE Archaeological evidence can date entire cities constructed of earth back over 10,000 years. All of the great civilisations of the Middle East were constructed with mud brick and rammed earth Assyria, Babylon, Persia, and Sumeria. Rammed earth construction was used to construct countless monuments, temples, ziggurats, churches, and mosques. Many of these structures (the Great Wall of China being one) have stood the test of time and are still standing today. Rammed earth construction originated in China, in the Neolithic age. Rammed Earth remains have been found in the archaeological sites of Yangzhou and Langham cultures of the yellow river valley, dating back to 5000 BC. By 2000 BC, the use of this material spread across china. Rammed Earth was commonly used for building walls and foundations. The 4000 year old, Great Wall of China has also been originally constructed in Rammed Earth, known there as Taipa. Its outer covering of stones and bricks, made later, gives it an appearance of stone wall. Foundations dating 5000BC have been discovered in Assyria. The core of the sun pyramid in Teotihuacan, Mexico, built between 300 and 900 AD, consists of approximately 2 million tons of Rammed Earth. Rammed Earth developed as a construction technique in various parts of the world independently. It had great influence in the Middle East Countries, China and Europe. It also became popular in Africa and America. The Romans built many earth structures throughout Europe. 2.1 GLOBAL DISTRIBUTION The early human shelters were caves. So, the use of earth construction is believed to have started as extensions to caves, such as mounds of earth at cave entrances, or cut earth, etc. The Rammed Earth building technique developed in several places independently. Man spread its use to different locations with his travelling for hunting. Rammed Earth structures are made from soil removed from the ground. The soil which has appropriate proportions of clay soil and sandy silt, is suitable for construction. The regions with abundance of such soil make use of earth construction. This soil with silt, sand and clay together is found in various locations, but is usually found in hilly areas, edges of large river valleys, mountainous regions with glacial tilt. The Himalayan ranges have many still existing examples of Rammed Earth structures. Ladakh, Bhutan, Nepal are regions where Rammed Earth practices were popular. Rammed Earth continues to be promoted in the country of Bhutan. Traditional Rammed Earth was prepared by ramming natural soil in small batches in a vertical formwork. The regions, which cannot provide soil favourable for preparing sun dried clay bricks, or timber; made use of rammed earth as a construction material. The desert sections of the Great Wall of China, Potala Palace in Lhasa, are made of Rammed Earth. Rammed Earth was also used to build fortification in North Africa and Spain. In Europe, rammed earth technology was used in vernacular style in the late middle ages, and continues to be used in Africa today. 2.2 METHOD OF CONSTRUCTION http://www.historicrammedearth.co.uk/indian_rammed_earth.png Soil was removed from the ground and used for construction. It was sieved if found necessary. Straw and lime, mixed into the soil, were used as additives to increase the strength of structure. The soil was then dropped into a formwork in layers of 150mm high. The layer is compacted using heavy rammers. On compaction of one layer another layer is laid and the same procedure is carried out, till the formwork is full. The formwork is then moved vertically to accommodate more earth. Once the formwork is moved vertically, the horizontal timbers are removed from the wall, leaving characteristic holes. Figure: Urdu manuscript showing Rammed Earth Construction. Historic Formworkrammed earth formwork Formwork is made up of timber sides. These are held together by vertical timbers connected to horizontal timbers which go through the wall. This formwork design is found in Nepal and Morocco. In some places, stones are placed over horizontal timbers to allow their removal. The traditional rammed earth wall can thus be constructed with little labour and without recourse to temporary works. Figure: Rammed Earth Formwork 2.3 MODES OF FAILURE AND REPAIR TECHNIQUES The strength present in unstabilised earth construction, also owes to a less understood phenomenon of suction. The pressure difference between air and water components of soil creates the interface of water and air to curve. This curve accommodates pressure difference, bringing about surface tension. The combination of surface tension and pressure difference creates a strong attractive force in the pores, thus strengthening the soil wall structure. (Jaquin P.A.) A study on failures has been made extensively by Paul Jaquin of Durham University. Considering failure mechanism of historic structures can be utilised in taking measures for rectification and prevention for future. Cracking is the main mode of failure in Rammed earth structures. A study of presence of water, for strength is also important. Water A small amount of water can add strength to the structure. Excess of this water can also lead to failure. In the later case, structure becomes saturated, loses strength, then integration and finally leads to complete destruction of the building. When a structure is not maintained, Water enters a building. It can enter the wall when the roof is open. Slurry is formed on the top of the wall and the material moves downward, leading in complete erosion of the wall. The water flows through the walls and evaporates through the surface, leaving precipitated version of salt in the pores. This salt expands and cracks the pores and leads to removal of fine grained surface. Use of permeable cement covering on the surface is not recommended, as water gets trapped and movement might occur. Use of less permeable material like brick wall also poses danger, if the water level increases leading to loss of structural integrity. The use of masonry to protect earth walls had been used in China and Spain to protect walls from the threat posed by artillery. Cracking: Cracks are formed in walls due to unsaturation of soil. The tensile stress in soil is less, which leads to this unsaturation. Crack Stitching: As a treatment to the cracks formed in buildings, crack stitching is applied. This method is applied with utmost care, so as to not induce any more stresses in the cracks. Hence Soft Stitching is practiced. This involves application of similar material across the crack. This provides similar stiffness to the material, and thus works well in repair of large cracks in earthen structures Crack stitching was carried out for a monument in Ladakh, India, by Jogn Hurd in 2004. The technique he used is as follows. A buttress is placed at the base of the slope. Soft ties are introduced across the crack to create structural integrity. A mud brick staple is constructed across the crack, to half the thickness of wall. Part of the staple is cut and hemp matting placed inside the cut. Mortared sundried bricks are then placed within the cut, forming a solid staple wall. Seismic Protection: Rammed Earth is constructed in horizontal layers. Once one layer is complete, the formwork is raised upward for another layer. Every layer is known as a lift. Historical evidence shows that materials such as, straw, lime, stones, brick are placed between lifts. These materials act as tie beams across the walls, tying them together and thus help in seismic protection (Hurd,2006). In some sites of Spain built in 1504, lengths of timber were placed in the wall while ramming. Their appropriate placement, proves an understanding of seismic design. These timers were first made circular, then covered in a lime and straw mortar, which was then rammed within the wall. These timbers were placed at 1.6m intervals, in a ring, throughout the building. 2.4 EXAMPLE C:UsersVarunDesktopbasgo1.jpg Figure: showing castle made of rammed earth at basgo, India. Source: http://www.historicrammedearth.co.uk/india.htm The site at Basgo consists of four distinct structures, three temples and a fort. The fort (Basgo Rabtan Lhartsekhar Castle) was built first and is the only structure made from rammed earth. The rammed earth section stands in the centre of the site, and consists of a mainly ruined set of walls, with no roof structure. A large crack is visible in the face of one of the walls which were repaired by in 2000. The castle withstood a three year siege in 1684, but may have been destroyed by invading Sikhs in around 1819 and definitely by 1843. 3.0 CONTEMPORARY USE The Rammed Earth construction received worldwide interest, owing to its non dependency on materials such as cement, ease of availability, and potential for recycling. The most important factor for its resurgence is its sustainable longevity. Rammed Earth is now being treated as a structural material and rules for designing have developed accordingly. In the 15th century, rammed earth was brought to Europe. The 19th century, America saw resurgence of Rammed Earth as a construction Technology. The book Rural Economy, by S.W. Johnson popularised it in the states. The famous historic landmark, Burough House Plantation in 1821, is the largest complex of built Earth in the US. After 1920, for almost 30 years government spent a lot of money on research of Earth structure construction. It even built low cost houses which became very successful. But, after WW2, the use of earth as a building material declined as modern building materials and technology were available at economic rates. Contractors and engineers found modern construction easier. Thus, use of rammed earth declined. 3.1 GLOBAL DISTRIBUTION The modern era of Rammed Earth can be seen particularly in California, Western Australia and UK. Australia has rich granite deposits and lateritic soils, suitable for construction of Rammed Earth. The property owners find all suitable material on their site itself, or nearby. This type of construction proves to be economical and long lasting. Thus the popularity grew in Australia. The technique has observed growth in the southwest, around Tucson, Arizona and Las Cruces and Albuquerque, New Mexico, California, Colorado. 3.2 METHOD OF CONSTRUCTION The method is similar to historic construction at large. All the old practices employed unstabilised earth, rammed on a raised masonry stem, protected by roof hangings. Today, concrete is used in the structure. A concrete stem must project 6inches above grade. Foundations are in the shape of an inverted T. In some places, rubble filled trenches are packed with reinforced concrete beam 10 inches thick and wider than the wall, to hold the ledges. Earth material is stabilised using Portland Cement in the weight of 5%. Softer earth plaster, stabilised with asphaltic emulsions, is used to clad unstabilised earth walls. The formwork, now famous as concrete forming panel, is made of sturdy steel frame and special plywood inset, suited for rammed earth. Pneumatic ramming is used instead of the ancient hand ramming. The strength obtained by both is same. 3.4 EXAMPLE C:UsersVarunDesktopCAMR2FM1.jpg Fig: Rammed earth house in Bangalore, India. Source :http://rammedearth.blogspot.co.uk/2007/09/rammed-earth-in-india.html This is home was designed by Chitra Vishwanath Architects for Nishwath Hassan and Prakash Iyer, a Bangalore-based couple in their mid-30s. The walls are 9 thick. They have sufficient self-weight to not need any other attachment or reinforcement. There is a nice rich mud mortar between the plinth beam (theres a beam above the stone foundation) on which the bricks rest and then the rammed earth. The bricks or mud blocks can be optionally done away with. The self-weight of the wall structure is sufficient to hold it in place. In India we always have built in brick, stone and cement and reinforced cement concrete. Except for the roofs, beams and concrete columns (if there are any) steel is not used to reinforce walls. Our structural engineers say its not necessary. The load bearing capacity of the RE walls or any wall is dependent on their own strength and by self-weight they hold well in placeThe soil that was excavated from the basement was used to build the house. It was mixed by hand with sand and 5% cement then transported without the use of machinery. Its important that the design makes way for hot air (vertically up) and brings light into the right parts without using humungous openings. Helps in controlling cost of structure too. These Ecological homes that we make are cheaper than the conventional designer homes in the same city 4.0 APPROPRIATENESS OF RAMMED EARTH IN DIFFERENT CLIMATE TYPES The behaviour and function of rammed earth structures depend upon the climate they are exposed to. Rammed earth is an ideal choice for climates with distinct variation in day and night temperatures. Rammed earth is generally found in dry climates eg. Mediterranean rim, through central Asia and in parts of China and Himalayan regions. Whereas in tropical climates where the difference between day and night time temperatures is not much, Rammed earth does not work well. Although Rammed earth does not work well in excessively humid climates, evidence show that rammed earth structures can withstand severe rainstorm and snow fall for a short duration. A brief overview of different climates is given below. Temperate Climates Rammed Earth is placed in parts exposed to sunlight. The special properties of rammed earth alloy it to store the heat from the day, and release it at night, thus providing warmth. In these regions, walls are insulated to prevent heat loss. Hot, Arid Climates Buildings of high thermal mass work potentially here, in the deserts. The wall retards the passage of heat from the external face to the internal face. It even radiates the heat gained in the day time, back at night. Hot Humid Climates Night temperatures remain elevated in this environment, thus challenging the strength of rammed earth. rammed earth is placed away from direct sunlight so that it does not gain extra heat, as it will get overheated. 5.0 Tropical climate 5.1 Impact of climate 5.2 Local Availability of RE 5.3 Other uses of RE 5.4 Other factors deemed of interest. Use http://www2.cemr.wvu.edu/~rliang/ihta/papers/11%20FINAL%20Paul%20Jaquin_paper_workshop.pdf 5.5 Vernacular style in temperate climate. 5.6 Whether it has been low impact Page 12 lax 5.7 Whether it is suitable for the climate 5.8 Which other materials are suitable for temperate climate. 6.0 Conclusion Appropriateness in Contemporary architecture. The likely future for the application of rammed earth is as: Thermal mass. Internal load-bearing unstabilised walls. External load-bearing stabilised walls. (ref. Jaquin P.A. http://www.historicrammedearth.co.uk/Rammed_earth_structural_engineer.pdf) ( http://www.historicrammedearth.co.uk/india.htm) ( REF: http://www.greenhomebuilding.com/pdf/buildingstandards_sepoct98_ramearth.pdf) (Ref: http://www.rammedearthliving.com.au/index.php?option=com_contentview=articleid=50:in-which-climates-does-rammed-earth-perform-the-bestcatid=31:generalItemid=46) (reference: http://www.greenspec.co.uk/rammed-earth.php) :http://www.greenspec.co.uk/rammed-earth.phpreference: Rammed Earth: Design and construction guidelines, Peter Walker et al, BRE 2005

Psychoanalytic Approach to Little Red Riding Hood Essay -- Little Red

Psychoanalytic Approach to Little Red Riding Hood Although there are numerous approaches employed in understanding literature, the psychoanalytic interpretation most significantly attempts to utilize the symbolic mysteries of a work. In exclusive contrast to the formal approach, which focuses entirely on the wording, the fascinating aspect of the psychoanalytic investigation is that it searches for a purpose beyond that which is strictly in the text. By insinuating the existence of innate and hidden motives, it allows for a broad range of abstract and creative possibilities. When applied to Perrault's, "Little Red Riding Hood," it appropriately suggests evidence toward underlying sexual motivations and tensions. Additionally, this analysis unfolds a constant interplay between forces of the human psyche. Sigmund Freud pioneered the introduction of the psychoanalytical concepts behind his principle theory that all human behavior is primarily motivated by sexuality. Throughout Perrault's version of "Little Red Riding Hood," veiled sexual implications are in abundance. In fact, the moral suggests that the entire purpose of the story is to caution against the "smooth-tongued†¦dangerous beasts" which like to rob young ladies of their innocence. Likewise, the hungry wolf does not simply eat the grandmother. Instead, Perrault distinctly portrays that before consumption, "he threw himself on the good woman." And furthermore, before digesting the young girl, he invites her into bed. At which point, she "took off her clothes and went to lie down in the bed." After she thoroughly inspects and comments on nearly every aspect of the wolf's "big" body parts, the wolf then "threw himself upon Little Red Riding Hood" to consume ... ...l, she then goes into the woods to encounter the id. There she disobeys her mother's instructions, and becomes "the poor child." In the moral, these "pretty, nicely brought-up young ladies" turn "foolish" upon talking to strangers. As "elegant" as they were once considered, it is a child's own fault if she leans to far to the irrational id. Furthermore, Freud dramatically insinuates that this struggle can only end in death, which is the exact fate of Little Red Riding Hood. Despite the fact that the psychoanalytic approach is the most controversial interpretation of literature, it proves to be utterly intriguing. In stories such as this, the sexual undertones are clearly evident, and thus substantiate the intricacies behind the approach. Perhaps it is a bit untraditional. However, this investigation remains both thought provoking and brilliantly compelling.

A man to be admired Essay

Looking at the â€Å"holy† concept, the fact that Proctor’s death was part of the reason why it stopped steadily, it seems as Miller depicts him as a 17th century version of Jesus. How Christians believe he died for their sins; Proctor dies for the welfare of those accused and the stop of this fundamental accusations. He did do wrong: he committed a sin. But doesn’t religion teach us about the road to redemption? Religious morals even allow sinners into heaven or paradise if in salvation. So therefore Proctor should be admired as he knows he has done wrong and which leads him to becoming a better man.. All throughout the play, there is friction between Proctor and Elizabeth, obviously due to the incident between Proctor and Abigail, but hope is at the horizon because funnily enough, the worst case scenario brings their relationship and marriage to its strongest point. Proctor attempts all that he can to regain her trust and forgiveness; even bribing her with land is attempted. Elizabeth, being supremely virtuous but with a flair of coldness, tries to forgive but the sense of Christian judgment still lays in her mind. Pride, revenge, fear, honesty, puritan ethics, and honesty are some of the themes in The Crucible, but these are the ones that apply to Proctor. Revenge had put Proctor in fear of losing his beloved wife, Elizabeth, by Abigail. Abigail had seen Elizabeth from more than an inconvenience to a threat. Proctor restricted himself from his feelings and even the subject, when spoken to her. This now showed her only vulnerability, her feelings for him, which is ultimately the reason for this havoc. Self-interest. Fear is what drove the hysteria on; the risk of facing the devil had put people in positions of self-interest and paranoia. How can a man of such caliber be down played? He had raised a family, even though he divorced his 1st wife and married Elizabeth, brought them up in religious fashion, tend his land, helped those in need, is respected by the village and does good deeds. To conclude, John Proctor’s integrity has such a overcoming substance, and the way Miller captures it is just admirable. He faces death, just to keep his name clean, to live or die with respect. For him to go through so many calamities and distress that the only time he feels at peace is when he dies. And he still remains as an admirable figure after he’s public confession of being an adulterer. He put his own wife in front of himself, just to receive her forgiveness and trust. â€Å"He have his goodness now. God forbid I take it from him! † Elizabeth accepts it, the only way; his death is the answer to all their problems. His Christian morals and beliefs lead him to becoming a better man; a man with faith is a man to be admired in my opinion. He knows that even if he confesses a lie, he can not base the remainder of his life on another lie, which will then jeopardize his relationship; other innocent people will die and will evidently never forgive himself. Overall, Proctor is a: religious, emancipated, loving, family, integrity-filled and respected man, and if these are not the quality of being admirable then I do not know what is. John Proctor, a man to be admired. Discuss. By Ranja Faraj Show preview only The above preview is unformatted text This student written piece of work is one of many that can be found in our GCSE Arthur Miller section.

Investigating Meaningful Teaching - 1044 Words

Investigating Meaningful Teaching Daniel Bowen Grand Canyon University Special Education Foundation and Framework SPE-330 May 26, 2011 Investigating Meaningful Teaching Investigating what meaningful teaching is it is having teachers that are willing to teach to the whole student by having patience, compassion and developing a meaningful relationship with their students. Being a positive influence and having effective classroom management. An effective teacher is a teacher that wears many hats such as a coach, actor, cheerleader and friend. Having the ability to read their moods, body language, when and what may cause them to become frustrated. Also having a deep belief in each and every student has the ability to learn and†¦show more content†¦One example was given were a student was a straight â€Å"A† students her whole life all through elementary, middle and high school. She took the F-cat so she could graduate and failed. She could not graduate with her class. They feel the test is not fare to student with or without learning disabilities. The changes they all agreed with was to completely do aw ay with the F-cat and much of the paper work and go back to letting teachers teach. (Grand Canyon University, n.d.) The reason I want to become a teacher is the total opposite of the teachers interviewed. I never had a teacher that left a lasting impression on my life. I had no on to mentor me as I chose to become a teacher. I became a teacher because after a few industrial accidents left me unable do anything physical for a very long time. While I was looking for something I could do. A bus driving passion came open. So I became a bus driver. As I was driving the position of a substitute teacher open I became a substitute teacher because it paid two dollars more an hour. That was as a substitute teacher that and working with the student that made me decided to become a teacher full time. Watching students struggle with their work, being able to show them how to do it correctly, and having the opportunity to see the â€Å"ahh† factor. Being able to help students learn and see them as they learned is one of the greatest experiences I had in my life time. The decision to become aShow MoreRelatedThe Importance Of Active Teaching And Learning Essay1525 Words   |  7 Pages What does ACTIVE teaching and learning mean to you? †¢ Active teaching and learning means that the students are actively participating in the learning process. The students are actively engage with the material, participating in the class, and collaborating with other students and the teacher to make meaning of the material being taught. 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